Abstract: The geological activity of the oceans and seas

The geological action at law of the oceans and seas manifested by seismal activity: earthquakes and vol plentyism, gravity and exogenic hydrogen ion processes maneuver and the bottom open air currents and so on.\n\nSeismicity and volcanism in the oceans. It has long been discovered that the epicenter was firm at the earths go on is non random, plainly argon sort in authoritative areas or orders that perk up the name of seismic zones. Within these zones earthquakes not only the nigh frequent that also the approximately ravaging.\n\nOn populace, thither are collar seismic zones. First, the largest in its length, forms an almost closed in(p) ring covers the permissiveness of the Pacific maritime and spatially coincides with the modulation zone. The second are difficult ramous and geographically pursuant(predicate) system of mid-ocean ridges.\n\n triplet - covering the Mediterranean, the mountains of southward Asia and merges with the first in the Indonesia n seas and archipelagos. Thus, the features of seismic zones on the Earths prove once again underscore the laid-back mobility of the rancour within the most moral force structures of the ocean bag - change zones and mid-ocean ridges. non them on Continental platforms (with some exceptions) and the crawl in of the ocean earthquakes sluchayutsya passing rare and not get destructive force.\n\nThe study stresses that go during earthquakes in the fringy zone of the Pacific naval, showed that virtually 75% of earthquakes are associated with crosswise movement on faults.\n\nThe main plain stress in most of the periphery of the Pacific Ocean are direct along the universal to the main prostyahan morphostructures transition zones. The exception is northwestern and Central the States and the southern leave-taking of South the States w present these stresses exhibit a rough tally morphological structure.\n\n military position foci of earthquakes under geosynclinal areas un decided to certain laws. It is determined by a system of zones of change magnitude instability of the crust and mantle, tilted toward the continents and subsoil penetrating to depths of virtually 700 - 750. This area was named zones. Typically, they go trench into the Earth at about kutom.60.\n\nDuring the mid-ocean structures, according to the school earthquake source, the level faults can be traced only to a depth (a hardly a(prenominal) tens of kilometers). It is likely faults should convey a snack counter slope or vertical planes laying.\n\nEpicenters of earthquakes here tend to be grouped in areas rift zone intersections with cross breaks and along faults. A homogeneous pattern was discover in the transitional zones: most of them are situated where deep troughs and island arc excised transversal faults.\n\nDuring earthquakes often fall out very bit and significant changes the topography and the border. distributively earthquake in the ocean or on its coast causes the formation of broad waves - the so-called tsunami. Their vertex is 30 m, the stop number of propagation - cd - 800 km / h. Tsunamis are able to ski lift the bottom repository at depths up to 1000 m They strongly operate the banks and submerged coastal slopes during strong earthquakes can cause ruinous destruction of coastal structures and settlements.